New additions - Nouns - Personal names and epithets

New vocabulary of P-AdW Adunaic and P-AdW Westron nouns, related to the topic of personal names, bynames, nicknames and epithets.

 

 

The article is under development.

 

Personal names

 

Hobbits - personal names

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES 
  
• Abêlzimrê - pron. A-bél-zim-ré - "Adamanta" -  abêlzimra, "adamant" (P-AdW), abâr, "might", "power" (Ad.), bêl-, "bright", "radiant" (Ad.), zimra, "jewel" (Ad.) - Derived from a newly-introduced term, itself derived from canon Adunaic terms. A newly-introduced P-AdW term translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Adamant into Westron. One of the "gemstones and jewels" style female hobbit names. Based on the real world archaic term adamans, meaning "diamond", "indestructible gemstone". Bearers of this name included Adamanta Chubb, a hobbit woman from the Shire. A closely related name was Diamond. 
• Amaryalac - pron. A-mar-ya-luck - "Madoc" - amaryôz, "fortune" (P-AdW), amaryal(a), "fortunate" (P-AdW), -ac, "-doc", ending suffix common in male Bucklander names (W.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms and a canon Westron ending suffix. Newly-introduced P-AdW term translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Madoc (from the Celtic, Welsh mad-, "fortunate") into Westron. It contains the ending suffix -ac, common in "Celtic-sounding") male Bucklander names, e.g. Meriadoc, Madoc, Marmadoc. Bearers of the name included the likes of Madoc Brandybuck (Amaryalac Brandagamba). Similar names included Marmadoc and Gormadoc.
• Angarên - pron. Ang-a-rén - "Isumbras" - ange, "iron" (P-AdW), rên, "arm" (P-AdW) - Newly-introduced P-AdW term translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Isumbras (from the Old German isen, "iron", and the Old French bras, "arm") into Westron. Bearers of the name included the likes of Isumbras I, Isumbras II, Isumbras III and Isumbras IV, all past thains of the Shire.
  
• Angbarâh - pron Ang-ba-raah - "Isengrim" - ange, "iron" (P-AdW), barâkh(ala), "fierce", "unyielding" (P-AdW - Ad.), barâh(la), "fierce", "unyielding" (P-AdW - W.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms. A newly-introduced P-AdW term translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Isengrim into Westron. Based on the Old English / Anglo-Saxon terms isen, "iron" and grim, "fierce", "unyielding". Bearers of the name included the likes of Isengrim I, Isengrim II and Isengrim III, all past thains of the Shire.
• Ârbanda - pron. Aar-bun-da - "Courtier" - âr-, "royal", banad, "court", "yard", "courtyard", ârbanad, "royal courtský dvor" (P-AdW) - A newly-introduced P-AdW term, inspired by the existing name Ârzadanû, canonically "Paladin" (see below). 
• Ârugarê - pron. Aar-u-gar-é - "Asphodel" - ârugar, "asphodel" (P-AdW), âru-, "king-" (P-AdW), gar, "blade", "thrusting blade", "spearhead", "spear-blade" (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms and a canon Adunaic suffix. A newly-introduced translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Asphodel into Westron. One of the "plants and flowers" style female hobbit names. Literally "king's spear", based on the identical meaning of the ancient Greek term for the asphodel flower. Bearers of the name included Asphodel Brandybuck (Ârugarê Brandagamba). 
• Ârzadanû - pron. Aar-za-da-noo - "Paladin" - âr-, "royal", "kingly", zadan, "house", ârzadan, "(royal) palace" (P-AdW) - Newly-introduced P-AdW term translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Paladin (derived from palatinum, a term for palace, and the Frankish term paladin, a high-raning courtier and knight of Charlemagne) into Westron. Bearers of the name included the likes of Paladin Took, Peregrin 'Pippin' Took's father, and the head of the Took family and current thain of the Shire during the events of The Lord of the Rings. 
  
• Âuztudas - pron. Aauz-tu-das - "Odovakar", "Odovacar", "Odoakar" - âuz, "rich", "wealthy", word root (P-AdW), tudas, "watch", "patrol" (W.) - Newly-introduced P-AdW term, inspired by the name of the hobbit Odovacar Bolger, a newly invented character for the MMO game The Lord of the Rings Online (LOTRO). Odovacar is another hobbit name inspired by real world names from old Germanic languages. The name Odovacar means "wealthy"-"watchful" (the second word in the sense of "watchful", "carefully guarding", "carefully standing guard"). As we know the canon Westron form of the family name Bolger was Bolgra, Odovacar Bolger's name in reconstructed P-AdW Westron would probably be Âuztudas Bolgra.
• Bâlaidrahê - pron. Baa-lie-dra-hé - "Forget-me-not"- bâ, "not", "no" (Ad./P-AdW), lâidra, "to forget" (P-AdW), hê, "me" (Ad./P-AdW), bâlaidrahê, "forget-me,not", flower (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from newly-introduced terms and a canon Adunaic suffix. A newly-introduced, completely original hobbit female name, inspired by the various canon "plants and flowers" hobbit female names. Ortographically virtually identical to the name of the flower.  
• Banazîr  - pron. Banazeer, Bun-a-zeer - "Samwise" - Banazîr, "Samved" (W.) - The canon form of Sam's name  (Banazîr 'Ban' Galbasi, "Samwise 'Sam' Gamgee") in canon Westron. It means "half-wit", "half-wise", which you can also break down more closely, the syllable sam- nemhaving nothing to due with the real world name Samuel, but with the meaning "half-", and the following part wise of course refers  to the adjective derived from the noun "(deep) knowledge", "great learnedness", i.e. wisdom. Sam's name, whether in the fictional Westron or "translated" from Westron to English and Slovak, is admittedly humorous, but not insulting. "Half-wise" is used not in the sense of "stupid", but in the sense of "not ad educated/learned as a great scholar would" or "he has less detailed knowledge". Given Sam's keen and sober intelligence, but humbler origins and humbler education, this sort of "name that speaks for itself" fits him very well.
• Bâpelvinê - pron. Baa-pel-vi-né - "Amaranth" - bâ, "not", "no" (Ad./P-AdW), pêlvinta, "to fade" (P-AdW), bâpelvintâr, "amaranth", flowering plant (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms and from a canon Adunaic suffix. Literally "not-fade", based on the Greek etymology of the plant, meaning "never fade". Bearers of the name include e.g. Amaranth Brandybuck (Bâpelvinê Brandagamba). 
• Batazagrur - pron. Batazagrur - "Ferdibrand" - batân, "road" (Ad.), bata, "to travel (on a road)" (P-AdW), zagar, "sword" (Ad.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms and a canon Adunaic term. A newly-introduced translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Ferdibrand into Westron. Based on the Old Germanic word farð, the Proto-Germanic farthi, "to travel", "far", and brand, "sword". Bearers of the name include e.g. Ferdibrand Took (Batarzagrur Tûc), a member of the Took family. 
• Bêlzimrê - pron. Bél-zim-ré - "Diamond" - bêlzimra, "diamond" (P-AdW), bêl-, "bright", "shining", "radiant" (Ad.), zimra, "jewel", "gemstone" (Ad.), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term and from canon Adunaic terms. A newly-introduced translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Diamond into Westron. One of the "gemstones and jewels" style female hobbit names. Based on the real world term for the relevant gemstone. Bearers of the name included e.g. Diamond of Long Cleeve, a hobbit lady of the Shire and Pippin Took's later wife. Another possible variation of the name is Norzimrê, based on another Westron term for diamond.
• Bênmaryalac - pron. Bén-mar-ya-luck - "Madoc" - bên, "servant" (Ad./P-AdW), amaryôz, "fortune" (P-AdW), amaryal(a), "fortunate" (P-AdW) -ac, "-doc", ending suffix common in male Bucklander names (W.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms, a canon Adunaic term and a canon Westron ending suffix. Newly-introduced P-AdW term translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Madoc (from the Celtic, Welsh mad-, "fortunate") into Westron. It contains the ending suffix -ac, common in "Celtic-sounding") male Bucklander names, e.g. Meriadoc, Madoc, Marmadoc. Bearers of the name included the likes of Marmadoc Brandybuck (Bênmaryalac Brandagamba), the son of Madoc Brandybuck. Similar names included the aforementioned Marmadoc, or also Gormadoc. 
• Bilba - pron. Bilba - "Bilbo" - Bilba, "Bilbo" (W.) - The canon form of Bilbo's name in canon Westron (Bilba Labingi, "Bilbo Baggins"). Bearers of the name included the aforementioned Bilbo Baggins, possibly the most famous hobbit bearer of that name.
• Droga - pron. Droga - "Drogo" - Droga, "Drogo" (W.) - The canon form of Drogo's name in canon Westron (Droga Labingi, "Drogo Baggins"). Bearers of the name included the aforementioned Drogo Baggins, the father of Frodo Baggins.
• Gamba - pron. Gamba, Gum-ba - "Bucca" - Bucca, "deer", "buck (male of a quadruped mammal)" (Old English), gamba, "deer", "buck (male of a quadruped mammal)" (W.) - The most probable canon form of Bucca's name in canon Westron. Tolkien derived the name of the character from the Old English term Bucca, "buck/male of a (quadrupedal) mammal", "deer", "deer buck". Ironically, the Westron form of the name happens to sound exactly like the Slovak folk word "gamba" (t.j. "lip"). Bearers of the name include Bucca, the very first thain of the Shire and founder of the Oldbuck (Zaragamba) family, later known as the Brandybucks (Brandagamba).
• Gânlarên - pron Gaan-la-rén - "Ferumbras" - gânla, "bold", "courageous" (P-AdW), rên, "arm" (P-AdW) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms. A newly-introduced translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Ferumbras (from Frankish fier à bras, "bold arm", "brave arm") into Westron. Bearers of this name include the likes of Ferumbras I, Ferumbras II and Ferumbras III, all past thains of the Shire.
• Helenê - pron. He-le-né - "Viola"/"Violet" - helun, helen, "(wild-growing) violet" (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms and a canon Adunaic ending suffix. A newly-introduced P-AdW term/name, inspired by the existing names of hobbit women based on the theme of flowers and flowering plants. By a humorous coincidence, the form of this name is rather reminescent of the real world name Helena. 
• Heluborê - pron. He-lu-bo-ré - "Amethyst" - helubora, "amethyst", lit. "purple-stone" (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term and a canon Adunaic ending suffix. One of the "gemstones and jewels" style female hobbit names. Literally "Amethyst". Bearers of the name included Amethyst Hornblower (Heluborê Raspûta). 
• Hêlulisanê - pron. Hél-u-li-sa-né - "Pervinca" - hêlulisane, "periwinkle", "vinca", lit. "purple-binder" (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms and a canon Adunaic ending suffix. One of the "plants and flowers" style female hobbit names. Literally "Periwinkle" (the meaning Pervinca is derived from "periwinkle"), and even more literally in P-AdW Westron, "Purple-binder", referring to the real world Latin meaning of vinca, and to the purple colour of the plant's flowers.  
• Hlothram - pron. Hlothram, Hloth-rum - "Cotman" - Hlothram, "Cotman" (W.) - The canon form of Cotman Cotton's name (Hlothram Hlothran) in canon Westron.  
• Îrtlose - pron. eert-lo-sé - "Primula" - îrtlose, "primrose" (P-AdW) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term. One of the "plants and flowers" style female hobbit names. Like the real world Latin name of the primrose, primula, based on the fact that it's one of the earliest flowering spring flowers. Bearers of the name included e.g. Primula Brandybuck (Îrtlose Brandagamba).  
• Kalimac  - pron. Kali-mac - "Meriadoc" - Kalimac, "Meriadoc" (W.) - The canon form of Merry's name in canon Westron (Kalimac 'Kali' Brandagamba, "Meriadoc 'Merry' Brandybuck"). 
• Karabhaldê  - pron. Ka-rub-hulled-é - "Rosamunda" - karab, "horse" (Ad./P-AdW), hald, "shield" (figurative), "protection" (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from a canon Adunaic term, a newly-introduced P-AdW term and a canon Adunaic suffix. A newly-introduced translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Rosamunda into Westron. In the real world, the name Rosamunda originates from hros, "horse", and mund, "hand", "protection". Bearers of the name included e.g. Rosamunda Took (Karabhaldê Tûc), known as Rosamunda Bolger (Karabhaldê Bolgra) after marriage. 
• Karasmac  - pron. Ka-ras-mac - "Rorimac" - karasa, "red", "reddish" (P-AdW), -ac, "-doc", ending suffix common in male Bucklander names (W.) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term and a canon Westron suffix. A newly-introduced translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Rorimac into Westron. Bearers of the name included e.g. Rorimac Brandybuck (Karasmac Brandagamba). 
• Layagborê - pron. La-yag-bo-ré - "Esmeralda" - layagbora, "emerald" (P-AdW) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term and a canon Adunaic suffix. A newly-introduced translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Esmeralda into Westron. One of the "gemstones and jewels" style female hobbit names. Based on the real world origin and meaning of the name Esmeralda, a Spanish feminine derivative of the word for "emerald". Bearers of the name included e.g. Esmeralda Took (Layagborê Tûc), known as Esmeralda Brandybuck (Layagborê Brandagamba) after marriage. 
• Lose - pron. Loss-eh - "Rose", "Rosie" - lose, "rose" (P-AdW) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term. A newly-introduced translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Rose into Westron. One of the "plants and flowers" style female hobbit names. Bearers of the name included e.g. Rose Cotton (Lose Hlothran), later known as Rose Gamgee (Lose Galbasi), Sam's wife.
• Lotha - pron. Loth-a - "Lotho" - Lotha, "Lotho" (W.) - The canon form of Lotho Sackville-Baggins' name in canon Westron (Lotha, "Lotho").  
• Maura - pron. Maura - "Frodo" - Maura, "Frodo" (W.) - The canon form of Frodo's name in canon Westron (Maura Labingi, "Frodo Baggins"). Bearers of the name included the aforementioned Frodo Baggins.
• Manû(n) - pron. Mun-oo(n) - "Hugo" - manâ, "to think" (P-AdW) - Derived from newly-introduced terms (in turn derived from canon Adunaic terms). Literally "Thinker", based on the real world etymology of Hugo, the Germanic word roots huggen, "to think", and hugu, "sense", "mind", "thought". Bearers of the name included Hugo Bracegirdle. Bearers of the name included Diamond of Long Cleeve, Pippin's future wife.  
• Nîsinzilê - pron. Nees-in-zi-lé - "Jessamine" - nîs-, nîsi-, "fragrance", "sweet smell" (P-AdW), inzil, "flower" (Ad.), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from a newly-introduced term and from canon Adunaic terms. Literally, "fragrant-flower". One of the "plants and flowers" style female hobbit names. Based on the meaning of Jessamine, a more old-fashioned form of the English female name Jasmine, itself based on the flowering tree.     
• Norzimrê - pron. Nor-zim-ré - "Diamond" - norzimra, "diamond", lit. "hard-jewel" (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from the aforementioned newly-introduced P-AdW terms an. One of the "gemstones and jewels" style female hobbit names. Bearers of the name included Diamond of Long Cleeve, Pippin's future wife (as Norzimrê Tûc).  
• Ogmandab - pron. Og-mun-dub - "Gorhendad" - Ogmandab, "Gorhendad" (W.) - The canon form of Gorhendad's name in Westron. Tolkien derived the name of the character from the Welsh Gorhendad, "great-grandfather", or more broadly, "ancestor". According to Tolkien, the Westron form of the name has the exact same meaning, and originally entered the Hobbitish dialect of Westron from the vocabulary of the Stoor hobbits (which has "Celtic" influences, much like some Bree terminology and implicitly also the Dunlending language). The bearer of the name was e.g. Gorhendad Oldbuck (Ogmandab Zaragamba), the historically second thain of the Shire.
• Ramdê - pron. Rum-dé - "Gerda" - ramd, "wall", "rampart" (P-AdW-W.), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term and a canon Adunaic ending suffix. The real world name Gerda derives from the mythical character of Gerðr, whose name translates to "fenced-in", "walled-in".
• Ranugad - pron. Ra-nu-gud - "Hamfast" - Ranugad, "Stay-at-home", "Hamfast" (W.) - The canon form of Sam's name, the name of Hamfast, the name od the Old Gaffer, in canon Westron. Can be loosely translated as "he, who stays home", or "stay-at-home" for short (it includes the Westron terms meaning "village", "settlement" and the verb "to stay").
• Razanur - pron. Ra-za-nur - "Peregrin" - Razanur, "Pilgrim", "Peregrine" (W.) - The canon form of Pippin's name in canon Westron (Razanur 'Raz' Tûc, "Peregrin 'Pippin' Took"). Bearers of the name included the aforementioned Pippin (Raz), a.k.a. Peregrin (Razanur), a member of Frodo's company and of the Fellowship of the Ring, later one of the thains of the Shire.
• Reklosê - pron. Rék-lo-sé - "Eglantine" - rek-losê, "eglantine", "sweet-briar", "dog-rose", lit. "thorn-rose" (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from the aforementioned newly-introduced P-AdW term and a canon Adunaic ending suffix. Literally, "thorn-rose". One of the "plants and flowers" style female hobbit names. Bearers of the name included Eglantine Took (Reklosê Tûc), née Banks, the mother of Peregrin 'Pippin' Took. 
• Sêngborê - pron. Séng-bo-ré - "Ruby" - sêngbora, "ruby", lit. "blood-stone" (P-AdW), -ê, ending suffix indicating feminine grammatical gender (Ad.) - Derived from the aforementioned newly-introduced P-AdW term and a canon Adunaic ending suffix. One of the "gemstones and jewels" style female hobbit names. Bearers of the name included Ruby Bolger (Sêngborê Bolgra) and Ruby Gardner (Sêngborê Garavar). 
• Sivârsulgar, Sivârgar - pron. Siv-aar-sul-gar, Siv-aar-gar - "Fredegar" - sivâr, "peace" (P-AdW), gar, "blade", "thrusting blade", "spearhead", "spear-blade" (P-AdW) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms. A newly-introduced P-AdW translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit name Fredegar into Westron. (The real world name Fredegar originates from the Germanic words ferdi, "peace", and gar, "spear". Bearers of the name included Fredegar "Fatty" Bolger (Sivârgar "Bulûn" Bolgra). 
• Tûrgrên - pron. Turg-rén - "Fortinbras" - tûrg, "strong" (P-AdW), rên, "arm" (P-AdW) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms. A newly-introduced P-AdW translation, of Tolkien's canon hobbit name of Fortinbras (from Old French fortin, "strong", a bras, "arm") into Westron. Bearers of the name included Fortinbras I and Fortinbras II, two past thains of the Shire.
• Vâlominâle - pron. Vaa-lo-mi-naa-le - "Belladona" - vâlan, "fair", "pleasant", "pretty" (P-AdW), lômi, "night"  (Ad.), nâlô, "shadow", "shade" (Ad.) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW terms and canon Adunaic terms. A translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit nama Belladonna (from English belladonna, and nightshade, i.e. deadly nightshade, and the Italian bella donna, "fair lady") into P-AdW Westron. Literally "Fair-night-shade". One of the "plants and flowers" style female hobbit names. Bearers of the name included e.g. Belladona Took, Bilbo's mother, the daughter of old Gerontius Took.
  
  

Hobbits - surnames and family names

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES  
• Bolgra - pron. Bol-gra - "Bolger" - Bolgra, "Bolger" (W.) - A canon Westron family name. 
• Brandagamba - pron. Brandagamba - "Brandybuck" - Brandagamba, "Brandybuck" (W.) - The canon form of Meriadoc's surname in canon Westron. Bearers of the surname included the entire Brandybuck (Brandagamba) family and clan, itself a successor to the Oldbuck (Zaragamba) clan that found the Buckland region and its settlements east of the Brandywine river (the Shire's eastern natural border).   
• Galbasi - pron. Galbasi - "Gamgee" - Galbasi, "Gammidge", "Gamgee", "of Gamwich" (W.), Galbas, "Gamwich", a village in the Shire (W.) - The canon form of Samwise's surname in Westron. The name of the village of Gamwich is an abbreviation of "Game-wich", "Wild-game-wich", "village of wild game".
• Garvar - pron. Garvar - "Gardner" - garavar, "gardener" (P-AdW) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term. A translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit surname Gardner (a folksier form of the word "gardener") into Westron. Bearers of the surname included the relatives of Samwise Gamgee, the Gardners (Garvar). 
• Hlothran - pron. Hloth-ran - "Cotton" - Hlothran, "Cotton" (W.) - The canon form of the Cotton family surname in Westron. Tolkien drew attention to the fact, that the surname "Cotton" doesn't literally mean "cotton" (as in, a type of cloth material), but is meant to represent a folk diminutive of the term cottage, i.e. a rural house, a cabin. In Westron, the relevant term has the word root hloth-, with the noun hlothrama denoting an abode, dwelling, habitable structure, which can be translated as a "cottage", "cabin". The surnames of the two families, Gamgee (Galbasi) and Cotton (Hlothran) are meant to be a bit of a pun in English, because gamgee was an old-fashioned term for a type of medical gauze that was manufactured from cotton.
• Kilmadar - pron. Kilmadar - "Bracegirdle" - kilmadar, "belt-maker", "girdle-maker" (P-AdW) - Derived from newly-introduced P-AdW Westron terms. A translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit surname Bracegirdle into Westron. Bearers of the surname included Hugo Bracegirdle (Manûn Kilmadar). 
• Labingi - pron. Labingi - "Baggins" - Labingi, "Baggins" (W.) - The canon form of Bilbo's, Drogo's and Frodo's surname in Westron. Bearers of the surname included the aforementioned Bilbo Baggins (Bilba Labingi), Drogo Baggins (Droga Labingi) and Frodo Baggins (Maura Labingi). 
• Raspûta - pron. Ras-poo-ta - "Hornblower" - Raspûta, "Hornblower" (W.) - The canon form of the surname Hornblower in Westron. 
• Sarmagân - pron. Sar-mug-aan - "Roper" - sarmagân, "roper", "rope-maker" (P-AdW) - Derived from a newly-introduced P-AdW term. A translation of Tolkien's canon hobbit surname Roper into Westron. The founder of the family and the surname of the Ropers was Sam's son Andy (Andwise) Gamgee, Andy Roper.
  
• Tûc - pron. Took - "Took"- Tûc, "Took" (W.) - The canon form of Pippin's surname (and the surname of his family) in Westron. The Tooks tended to claim, that their family name originated in the Westron word tûca, which roughly meant "daring", "determined". (Some Tolkien fans have even speculated that the author might have been inspired by the real world surnames Tuck and Took, derived from the word tuck, a term for "tuck", an "estoc" type of sword, "thrust-centric sword".)
• Vâlamîk - pron. Vaala-meek - "Fairbairn" - vâlan, "fair", "pleasant" (P-AdW), mîk, "child (male)"  (Ad.) - Novotvarový západský preklad Tolkienovho kánonického hobitieho priezviska Pekník (v. angl. orig. Fairbairn, "Fair child", a rarer equivalent to the more common from Fairchild) into Westron. Bearers of the surname included Elfstan Fairbairn, the son of Elanor Gamgee, grandson of Samwise Gamgee.
• Zaragamba - pron. Zaragamba - "Oldbuck" - Zaragamba, "Oldbuck" (W.) - The canon form of the surname of the ancestors to the later Brandybuck family, in canon Westron.    

 

Pets and livestock of the hobbits (dogs and ponies of hobbits in the Shire, the Bree-land, etc.)  

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES 
• Ziginuv - pron. Zigi-nuv, Zigi-nuw - "Wise-nose" - zigira, "wise","smart" (P-AdW), nuv, "nose" (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the name of this pony in the original English text of The Lord of the Rings: Wise-nose. The pony was owned by Meriadoc Brandybuck and was one of the five ponies that accompanied the four hobbit travellers on their journey through the Old Forest and the Barrow Downs all the way to Bree.
  

 

People of Bree - personal names

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES     
• Aglârzayûn, Aglârzayik - pron. Ag-laar-za-yoon, Ag-laar-za-yik - "Rowland", "Rowlie" - aglâr, "glory", "fame" (Ad.), zâyan, "land", "country" (Ad.), -ik, diminutive ending suffix in P-AdW - Derived from canon Adunaic terms and from a P-AdW ending suffix (based on an Adunaic ending suffix). Based on the real world name Rowland, which derives from the word hrod, "fame", and the word "land". The first name is the more formal version, the second name is the diminutive form. (Rowlie Appledore, a Bree local, would be Aglârzayik Razrabanpâ in P-AdW Westron.)

People of Bree - surnames

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES  
• Razrabanpâ - pron. Raz-ra-ban-paa - "Appledore" - razar, "small apple" (W.), abanpâ, "tree" (P-AdW) - Derived from a canon Westron term and a newly-introduced P-AdW term. Appledore is a more old-fashioned English word for "apple tree". 
• Zilbirâpha - pron. Zil-bi-raa-pha - "Butterburr" - Zilbirâpha, "Butterburr" (W.) - The canon Westron form of the surname of the Butterburr family from Bree. The "butter" puns that occur in connection with the Butterburr surname (based on the eponymous medicinal herb) in the original English text of The Lord of the Rings aren't really possible in languages where their equivalent to the butterburr name doesn't have "butter" as part of its etymology. This makes translating those "butter" puns hard, to virtually impossible. For this reason, many translators have had to resort to making the innkeeper's surname/family name be about "butter" in general, rather than the plant.

Northmen (Men of Dale, Lakemen, the Beornings, etc.)

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES 
  
• Karbînard - pron. Kar-bee-nard - "Marhari" - karabnardû, "cavalryman", "military horseman", "horse soldier" (P-AdW), karbî, "mare" (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the real world etymology of the Gothic name Marhari (literally "horseman-soldier", or "horse-soldier"), with the mar- part of the name related to the Old Germanic and Old English term for a female horse, a mare. The bearer of the name was Marhari, an ancestor of prince Vidugavia (see below).
• Pâkhald - pron. Paakhald - "Bard" - pâkar, "axe" (P-AdW), hald, "guardian", "protector", abstract sense (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the real world etymology of the name Bard, which in Old Germanic languages denoted a "beard", or more figuratively, the "beard of an axe", the part of a tool. The name might also have a somewhat Celtic inspiration, in the sense of "poet", "singer" (bard) or "guardian" (bárd), though it's important to remember that the "translated" names of the Lake-men and the Men of Dale, and their dialects, had a Scandinavian undertone.
• Terzabâr - pron. Ter-za-baar - "Vidugavia" - terzâyan, "forest","wood", "woodland", "forested area" (P-AdW), bâr, "lord" (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the real world etymology of the Gothic name Vidugavia, which means "forest lord". The bearer of the name was prince Vidugavia, the ruler of a principality/princedom or kingdom in Rhovanion during the 13th century of the Third Age.
  
• Urugûn - pron. Urugún - "Beorn" - urug, "bear" (Ad.), Beorn, "bear", "bear-related" (Old Norse), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the canon Adunaic term for "bear". I consider this name to be known only in Westron.

 

Northmen (Éothéod, Rohirrim, etc.)  

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES 
• Barûn - pron. Bar-oon - "Eorl" - bâr, "lord", "nobleman" (Ad. / P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroanglického mena alebo výrazu Eorl, eorl, ktoré znamenajú "pán", "šľachtic", "člen šľachty". Nositeľom mena bol Eorl Mladý, knieža na juh Rhovanion migrujúcich Éothéodčanov, ktorý sa s povolením Gondoru stal zakladateľom a prvým kráľom kráľovstva Rohan, na území bývalej gondorskej provincie Calenardhon.
• Îrsulgar - pron. ear-sulgar - "Frumgar" - îr, "prvý","prvé" (P-AdW), sulgar, "kopija", hovorové skrátenie (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroanglického mena Frumgar, ktoré doslova znamená "prvá kopija" (frum, "prvý" a gár, "kopija") a nesie obrazný význam "náčelník", "starešina", "knieža". Nositeľom mena bol Frumgar, otec bohatiera Frama, obaja náčelníci Éothéodčanov, dávnych predkov neskorších Rohirrov/Rohančanov.
• Lôhkalda - pron. Loohkalda (-oo- as in "door") - "Éowyn" - lôh, "horse" (Rohirric), kalda, "merriness", "joy" (W.) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroanglického mena Éowyn, ktoré znamená "konská radosť", "koňo-radosť" (v angl. orig. Tolkienových poznámok "horse-joy"). Meno Éowyn v P-AdW západčine je zmiešaného pôvodu. keďže prvá polovica obsahuje fiktívne slovo v rohirčine znamenajúce kôň (ojedinelé slovo z jazyka Severanov v Tolkienových poznámkach, kde lô alebo lôh bol výraz Éothéodčanov pre koňa), a druhá polovica slova je už v nárečí západčiny, aké sa používa v Rohane. Nositeľom mena bola Éowyn, neter kráľa Théodena, štítonoska Rohanu, budúca manželka Faramira a jeho spolusprávkyňa v gondorskej provincii Ithilien, ktorá sa zúčastnila bitky na Pelennorských poliach.
• Lôhkarbûr - pron. Lóhkarbúr - "Éomer" - lôh, "kôň" (jazyk Rohirrov), karbî, "kobyla" (Ad.), -ûr, koncovka mužského rodu (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroanglického mena Éomer, ktoré znamená "koňo-kobyla" (v angl. orig. Tolkienových poznámok "horse-mare"). Meno Éomer v P-AdW západčine je zmiešaného pôvodu. keďže prvá polovica obsahuje fiktívne slovo v rohirčine znamenajúce kôň (ojedinelé slovo z jazyka Severanov v Tolkienových poznámkach, kde lô alebo lôh bol výraz Éothéodčanov pre koňa), a druhá polovica slova je už v nárečí západčiny, aké sa používa v Rohane, odvodené od výrazu karbî, t.j. "kobyla". Nositeľom mena bol Éomer, synovec kráľa Théodena, maršál Jazdeckej marky a Théodenov dedič, ktorý sa zúčastnil bitky na Pelennorských poliach, a po Théodenovej smrti v bitke sa stal zakladateľom tretej dynastie rohanských kráľov a spojencom kráľa Aragorna v Gondore.

Animals of the Northmen (the horses of the Éothéod, the Rohirrim, etc.)  

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES 
• Abârtûrg - pron. Abaartoorg - "Felaróf" - abâr, "strongly","mightily" (P-AdW), tûrg, "silný" (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroanglického mena Felaróf, ktoré doslova znamená "veľmi silný". Nositeľom mena bol slávny kôň Eorla Mladého, kôň Felaróf, dávnejší predok Tieňovlasa a príslušník polodivého plemena mearas.
  
• Lôzuphâin - pron. Loozuphaayn (-oo- as in "door") - "Snowmane" - lôz, "snow", (P-AdW), lôzu, "snow-" (P-AdW), phâin, "mane" (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroanglického mena snāw-mana, ktoré doslova znamená "sneho-hriva", "snežná hriva". Moderná anglická forma tohto mena v pôvodnom anglickom znení Pána prsteňov je Snowmane. Nositeľom mena bol kôň kráľa Théodena, Snehohriv, ktorý spolu s kráľom padol v bitke na Pelennorských poliach.

Dwarves (names depicted in Westron, especially their public names, the "outer names")

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES 
  
• Alvarûn - pron. Alvarún - "Gróin" - alvarân, "rastúci", alvarin, "rastúce" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od pravdepodobnej reálnej staroseverskej etymológie, konkrétne slova gróa, teda "rásť" (vzdialene príbuzný výraz modernému anglickému slovesu to grow, "rásť"). Nositeľom mena bol napr. Gróin, trpaslík z Ereboru, otec Glóina a starý otec Gimliho.
• Batanûn - pron. Ba-ta-noon - "Farin" - batanân, "well-travelled" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od pravdepodobnej reálnej staroseverskej etymológie, konkrétne slova farinn, teda "scestovaný" (vzdialene príbuzný výraz modernému nemeckému slovesu fahren, "cestovať"). Nositeľom mena bol napr. Farin, trpaslík z Ereboru, otec Fundina a Gróina a starý otec Balina a Dwalina, a Glóina a Óina.
  
• Belûn - pron. Belún - "Glóin" - bêl, "žiarivý" (P-AdW), bêla, "žiariť" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroseverského mena Glóinn, ktoré bolo v povestiach Dvergatal použité pre postavu trpaslíka. Význam mena je "žiarivý" (porovnaj aj s moderným anglickým glowing, "žiarivý", "žiariaci", "svietiaci"). Nositeľom mena bol napr. trpaslík Glóin, brat Óina, člen družiny Thorina Duboštíta pre znovudobytie Ereboru od draka Smauga, a otec trpaslíka Gimliho, neskoršieho člena Spoločenstva prsteňa v čase Vojny o prsteň.
• Bulûn - pron. Bulún - "Bombur" - bulûla, bulûlu, "nafúknutý", "tučný", "vypasený" (P-AdW),  -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroseverského mena Bumburr, ktoré bolo v povestiach Dvergatal použité pre postavu trpaslíka. Význam mena je "nafúknutý", "vypasený". Nositeľom mena bol napr. trpaslík Bombur, brat Bifura a bratranec Bofura, člen družiny Thorina Duboštíta pre znovudobytie Ereboru od draka Smauga.
  
• Ganûn - pron. Ga-noon - "Thorin" - gânla/-lu, "bold", "courageous" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroseverského mena Thorin, ktoré bolo v povestiach použité pre postavu trpaslíka. Význam mena je "hrmiaci", ale v prenesenom zmysle aj "smelý", "odvážny". V tomto prípade padlo rozhodnutie použiť prenesený tvar, "smelý". Nositeľom tohto mena bolo viacero trpaslíkov Thorinov, napr. asi najslávnejším nositeľom mena bol Thorin II. Duboštít (v angl. orig. Oakenshield), trpaslík z Ereboru, vnuk a dedič ereborského kráľa Thróra, syn Thráina, Thrórovho syna. Thorin bol bratom Frerina a Dís, bratrancom Balina a Dwalina, strýkom Fíliho a Kíliho. Spolu s čarodejníkom Gandalfom viedol výpravu dvanástich trpaslíkov a hobita Bilba, aby sa pokúsili oslobodiť Erebor od draka Smauga.
• Hirûn - pron. Hiroon (hi- as in "he" or "here") - "Fundin" - hirâ, "to find" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroseverského mena Fundin, ktoré bolo v povestiach použité pre postavu trpaslíka. Význam mena je "nájdený" (porovnaj aj s moderným anglickým found, "nájdený"). Nositeľom mena bol napr. Fundin, trpaslík z Ereboru, trpasličí šľachtic a otec bratov Balina a Dwalina.
• Nâudûn - pron. Náu-doon - "Óin" - naud, "shy" (G.), nâudêth, "shyness", "bashfulness" (P-AdW), nâudla/-lu, "bashful", "shy" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the real world etymology of the Old Norse name Oinn, which was used in the Dvergatal for a dwarf character. The meaning of the name is "shy", "bashful". The bearer of the name was e.g. the dwarf Óin, brother of Glóin, a member of the company of Thorin Oakenshield for reclaiming Erebor from the dragon Smaug, and Gimli's uncle.   
• Nêl - pron. Nél - "Dís" - nêl, "sister" (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the real world Old norse term dís and the patronymic ending suffix -dís, both of them meaning "sister". A female dwarven name (the only one directly known in Tolkien's canon). The bearer of the name was e.g. Dís, a dwarf-lady of Erebor, the sister of Thorin II Oakenshield, the heir to the throne of Erebor and a relative of Balin and Dwalin. Dís was also the sister of Frerin, Thorin's brother, and the mother of Fíli and Kíli, Thorin's nephews. (Dís' name is a "speaking name", containing a ciphered reference to the fact that she's the sister of her brother Thorin.) 
• Nitûn - pron. Ni-toon - "Gimli" - nite, "fire" (P-AdW), nitu-, "fire-" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od pravdepodobnej reálnej etymológie staroseverského mena Gimli, slova gimm, znamenajúceho "a small fire", "a small flame". Nositeľom mena bol napr. trpaslík Gimli, syn Glóinov, člena Spoločenstva prsteňa v čase Vojny o prsteň. 
• Nôrmagûn - pron. Noor-mag-oon (first -oo- as in "door") - "Bifur" - nôr, "hard", adj., "hard", adv. (P-AdW), magân-, "builder" (Ad.), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie starofrízskeho mena Bivurr, ktoré bolo v povestiach Dvergatal použité pre postavu trpaslíka. Význam je doslova "bobor", no dá sa chápať aj prenesene ako "usilovný staviteľ", "usilovný stavbár". Nositeľom mena bol napr. trpaslík Bifur, brat Bombura a bratranec Bofura, člen Thorinovej družiny pre znovudobytie Ereboru od draka Smauga.  
• Phulûn - pron. Phul-oon, Ful-oon - "Dwalin" - phulâ, "to sleep" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroseverského mena Dvalinn, ktoré bolo v povestiach použité pre postavu trpaslíka. Význam je trochu neistý, ale znamená približne "spiaci", "driemajúci", "malátne ležiaci" (slová dvalen, "spať" a dvalje, "zdržovať", majú pôvod v rovnakom slovotvornom základe). Nositeľom mena bol napr. Dwalin, trpaslík z Ereboru, Balinov brat, trpasličí šľachtic a príbuzný Thorina Duboštíta, člen Thorinovej družiny pre znovudobytie Ereboru od draka Smauga.
• Phurûn - pron. Phur-oon, Fur-oon - "Bofur" - phurâ, "to delve", "to mine" (P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Analogicky odvodené od reálnej etymológie staroseverského mena Bǫvurr, ktoré bolo v povestiach Dvergatal použité pre postavu trpaslíka. Význam mena je bohužiaľ neznámy, takže môžeme len špekulovať nad tým, aký význam by mala podoba mena v Tolkienových fiktívnych jazykoch. Vzhľadom na to, že Bofurov bratranec Bifur má meno, ktoré doslova znamená "bobor", obraznejšie "usilovný staviteľ", "usilovný stavbár", možno by hypotetická podoba Bofurovho mena mohla narážať na baníctvo a hĺbenie štôlní a siení, teda "hĺbiteľ", "haviar". Nositeľom mena bol napr. už spomínaný trpaslík Bofur, bratranec Bifura a Bombura, člen Thorinovej družiny pre znovudobytie Ereboru od draka Smauga.  
• Zorûn - pron. Zor-oon - "Balin" - zôr, "flame" (Ad. / P-AdW), -ûn, ending suffix indicating masculine grammatical gender (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the probable real world etymology of the name Balin. Unlike the other dwarves in The Hobbit, Balin's name is not derived from the dwarven names listed in the Dvergatal ("Catalogue of Dwarves") section of a poem from the Poetic Edda. The meaning of Balin's name is uncertain, but several Tolkien linguists have suggested, that it could be inspired by the Old Norse word bál, i.e.  "fire". The bearer of the name was e.g. Balin, a dwarf of Erebor, Dwalin's brother, a dwarven nobleman and a relative of Thorin Oakenshield, a member of Thorin's company for reclaiming Erebor from the dragon Smaug. 

Individual characters and creatures

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES  
• Garalum - pron. Gar-a-lum - "Gollum" - name derived from onomatopoeia, a phonetic equivalent in Westron - Derived phonetically, as an onomatopoeia, from the raspy coughing ofa Smeágol, after he obtained the Ring and began to be tormented by it in solitude, for centuries. 
• Nâluphâin - pron. Naalu-fine - "Shadowfax" - nâlô, "shadow" (Ad.), nâlu-, "shadow-", obj. c. (P-AdW), phâin, "mane", "mane fax", "mane hair" (P-AdW) - Derived by analogy from the real world etymology of the Old English name Sceadu-fæx, which literally means "shadowy-gray mane (and fur)". Tolkien derived this term in a secondary manner, as it did not occur in the original Anglo-Saxon language, even though it was possible to form it with its grammar. The name's form in Modern English, Shadowfax, means "Shadow-mane-hair", "Shadow-fax" (fax in the sense of a strand of hair, on the head or in a horse's mane, and similar). The bearer of the name was a semi-wild horse of the mearas breed, Shadowfax, a distant descendant of the horse Felaróf. In P-AdW Westron, Shadowfax's name is more literally "Shadowmane".

 
----

 

Translated titles and epithets

Dwarves

• NEW ADDITIONS - PRONUNCIATION - MEANING - DERIVED FROM... - NOTES  
• Bâr an-Khazad-dûm - pron. Baar an-K-ha-zad-doom - "the Lord of Khazad-dûm" - Uzbad Khazad-dûmu, "the lord of Khazad-dûm" (Kh.) - Translated and derived from the canon term in the dwarven language (khuzdul) for "the Lord of Khazad-dûm".
• Ganûn Ornuhald - pron. Gan-oon Or-nu-hulled - "Thorin Oakenshield" - Ganûn, "Thorin" (P-AdW), orn, orna, "oak" (P-AdW), ornu-, "oaken-", obj. c. (P-AdW), hald, "shield", "guard", a general and figurative sense, longer and more literal sense kmâpahald, "shield" (P-AdW) - A newly-introduced term, a probable form of Thorin's famous epithet Thorin Oakenshield, in reconstructed P-AdW Westron.

Men

• Tâlbatur - pron. Taal-ba-tur - "Strider" - "strider", "pedestrian traveller" (sg.), "striders", "pedestrian travellers" (pl.) - tâl, "leg" (P-AdW), batân, "road" (Ad.), batâ, "to go", "to walk", "to travel" (P-AdW), tâlbatâ, "to walk", "to stride", "to travel", purely on foot (P-AdW),  razanur, "pilgrim", ending suffix -ur (W.) - Derived from the aforementioned newly-introduced P-AdW terms and from canon Adunaic and Westron terms. The version of the common Westron term tâlbatur ("strider") with a capital starting letter, Tâlbatur, is Aragorn's nickname "Strider", and simultaneously the name of a new royal dynasty, which Aragorn founded in Gondor (a direct equivalent of the Quenya elvish name Telcontar).
  

----


Related articles

Slovak language version of this article

----

External links